Professor Hu Renming， of Huashan Hospital was invited to give a special report at the International Conference on diabetes, introducing the new concept of diabetes prevention and treatment in China

April 7-10 The International Conference on diabetes organized by the International diabetes Federation (IDF) was held in Bangkok, Thailand. Huashan Hospital，Professor Hu Renming was invited to give a special report on diabetes that occurred before the age of 40.

Professor Hu pointed out that, compared with late-onset diabetes, young diabetes (defined as diabetes diagnosed in people under 40 years of age) is associated with more serious disease progression and higher risk of complications, so it is an important and growing public health problem. The disease includes several subtypes, including type 1 diabetes (T1D), type 2 diabetes (T2D), monogenic diabetes (such as mature diabetes in young people, MODY and mitochondrial gene mutations in diabetes) and special types of diabetes. T1D is characterized by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells and is the most common form in young populations, while T2D is driven by insulin resistance and is often associated with obesity, becoming increasingly common due to the rising obesity rates in children and adolescents. Type 2 diabetes is not a simple disease. It is often associated with atherosclerosis (AS), fatty liver disease (MAFLD or MASLD)

Both obesity and metabolic inflammation coexist, and these diseases are closely related to metabolic inflammation. Therefore, Chinese scholars have proposed metabolic inflammatory syndrome（MIS）.The concept of MIS states that if a patient has two or more of the four metabolic diseases mentioned above, then Can diagnose MIS.

Based on the concept of MIS, Chinese scholars have proposed a new strategy of treating and preventing four diseases together. MODY is a rare form caused by a single gene mutation, typically with a strong family history and mild hyperglycemia. There are 14 subtypes of MODY, including MODY1-HNF4A gene, MODY2-GCK gene, MODY3-HNF1A gene, MODY4-PDX1 gene, MODY15-HNF1B gene, MODD6-NUROD1 gene, MODY-7-KLF11 gene, MODO8-CEL gene, MODI9-PAX4 gene, MODY1 0-INS gene, MODY11-BLK gene, MODI12-ABCC8 gene, MODI13-KCNJ11 gene, and MODY14-APPL1 gene. Early and accurate classification of young onset diabetes subtypes is crucial for tailor-made treatment strategies, improving blood glucose control and reducing long-term complications. The progress of genetic testing and biomarker identification is enhancing the ability to distinguish subtypes, thereby achieving personalized management methods. Public health work must focus on prevention, early detection and targeted intervention to address the unique challenges of young onset diabetes and its subtypes.

演讲者和主持人合影 Speaker and Host Group Photo